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In assessing the heating value of municipal solid waste, the preferred range of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, in the waste is

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CIL MT 2020
⭕ A. 10–20
⭕ B. 20–35
⭕ C. 1–10
⭕ D. 36–50
📚 Explanation:

The ideal C/N ratio for assessing the heating value of municipal solid waste is 20–35.

🔹 Waste with this range burns efficiently and yields higher calorific value.
🔹 Too low C/N → excess nitrogen → poor heating value.
🔹 Too high C/N → excess carbon → incomplete combustion.


👉 Therefore, the correct answer is: B. 20–35

Key Points on C/N Ratio in MSW:

  • Optimal heating value: Achieved when C/N is 20–35.
  • Low C/N ratio: Indicates high nitrogen and moisture.
  • High C/N ratio: Indicates excess carbon causing incomplete combustion.

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