Flattening and smoothing the road surface by scrapping is called

⭕ A. Compaction

⭕ B. Consolidation

⭕ C. Grading

⭕ D. Ditch digging

📚 Explanation:

Grading refers to the process of flattening, leveling, and smoothing a road surface by scraping it with a long blade (grader).

🔹 Performed using a **motor grader** before final compaction.
🔹 Ensures uniform slope, camber, and drainage.
🔹 Essential step in road formation and maintenance.

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👉 Therefore, the correct answer is: C. Grading

Key Points:

• Grading shapes and smoothens the road surface.
• Performed before compaction and surfacing.
• Ensures proper drainage and alignment.