WBPSC AE 2001
⭕ A. Equivalent pipe method
⭕ B. Hardy-cross method
⭕ C. Circle method
⭕ D. Electric network analyser method
📚 Explanation:
The Hardy-Cross method is the earliest and most widely used systematic method for analyzing complex water distribution networks.
🔹 It is also known as the head balance or closed-loop method.
🔹 This method is particularly applicable to systems where pipes form closed loops.
🔹 Outflows from the network are assumed to occur at the junction nodes.
🔹 It corrects discharge in each loop iteratively until flow continuity and energy balance are satisfied.
Why Hardy-Cross?
✔ Simple to apply
✔ Works for all complex networks
✔ Requires only basic iterative calculations
The Hardy-Cross method is the earliest and most widely used systematic method for analyzing complex water distribution networks.
🔹 It is also known as the head balance or closed-loop method.
🔹 This method is particularly applicable to systems where pipes form closed loops.
🔹 Outflows from the network are assumed to occur at the junction nodes.
🔹 It corrects discharge in each loop iteratively until flow continuity and energy balance are satisfied.
Why Hardy-Cross?
✔ Simple to apply
✔ Works for all complex networks
✔ Requires only basic iterative calculations
👉 Therefore, the correct answer is: B. Hardy-cross method
Key Points on Network Analysis Methods:
- Hardy-Cross method: Iterative head-loss balancing; most widely used.
- Equivalent pipe method: Simplifies networks by replacing with a single pipe.
- Circle method: Used for limited specific network shapes.
- Electric network analyzer: Simulates flow using electrical analogy but less common today.
